30年間における月別の日最高気温、日最低気温、1日の気温差の平均値

最高・最低気温

管区気象台及び地方気象台の56観測点の1991年1月1日~2020年12月31日の10958日間の日別の最高気温、最低気温のデータを集計して月別に平均し、当該30年間における月別の1日の最高気温、最低気温、気温差の平均値を算定しました。気象台56観測点の月別の日最高気温、日最低気温、1日の気温差の平均値は下表のとおりです。冒頭の図は気象台56観測点の1~12月の日最高気温、日最低気温の平均値の推移を示したグラフになります。1年の中で最も気温の平均値が高いのは日最高気温、日最低気温ともに8月でそれぞれ30.75℃、23.25℃、低いのは日最高気温、日最低気温ともに1月でそれぞれ8.27℃、0.92℃となっています。1日の気温差の平均値が最も大きいのは4月で9.26℃、小さいのは7月で7.12℃となっています。1日の気温差を季節でみれば春が大きく、夏と冬が小さめとなっています。

表 30年間における気象台56観測点の月別の日最高気温、日最低気温、1日の気温差の平均値

最高気温(℃)最低気温(℃)気温差(℃)
1月8.270.927.35
2月9.171.237.94
3月12.724.138.59
4月18.108.849.26
5月22.7713.818.96
6月25.6718.187.49
7月29.3322.217.12
8月30.7523.257.50
9月27.2219.717.51
10月21.9513.908.05
11月16.228.148.08
12月10.713.187.53

次に観測点別に月別の日最高気温、日最低気温、1日の気温差の平均値をそれぞれ下表にして示しました。8月の日最高気温の平均値に着目すると、1位:京都 33.71℃、2位:大阪 33.67℃、3位 岐阜 33.41℃と8月は九州、南西諸島の観測点よりは関西、東海の観測点の方で高い傾向がみられるのが特徴的です。1月の日最低気温の平均値が最も低いのは旭川の-11.67℃、月別で1日の気温差の平均値が最も大きいのは長野の4月で12.57℃、最も小さいのは宮古島の10月で3.99℃でした。

表 30年間における気象台観測点の月別の日最高気温の平均値の一覧(単位:℃)

地点名1月2月3月4月5月6月7月8月9月10月11月12月
札幌  -0.350.394.5211.7317.9021.7625.4226.4322.8516.408.711.95
函館  0.891.795.8311.9716.9820.4424.0625.8723.1817.159.963.16
旭川  -3.28-1.743.0510.9818.6622.8026.2426.4121.8714.776.29-0.91
室蘭  0.550.974.6210.0414.8618.0521.6323.6121.5516.069.322.92
釧路  -0.24-0.173.258.0812.6015.8019.5921.6119.9915.098.802.41
網走  -2.16-2.012.289.1114.5617.6621.4023.3320.7115.017.620.68
稚内  -2.40-2.061.647.3712.4316.0820.1022.2720.1114.096.260.01
青森  1.832.726.8413.6518.8322.1326.0027.7724.5518.3111.234.45
盛岡  2.043.157.4814.4220.3224.0727.0828.4324.2717.9210.934.46
仙台  5.606.459.9515.5120.2223.1126.5728.2424.9819.8414.068.31
秋田  3.143.997.9014.0219.6323.7327.1329.1725.3519.0412.245.87
山形  3.294.409.1016.4322.6025.9329.0730.4925.8219.4612.626.08
福島  5.767.0911.1617.6623.1425.9029.0930.5426.2020.4814.508.59
水戸  9.219.8412.9717.8422.0124.4728.4629.9626.3721.2016.2911.42
宇都宮8.599.7213.3518.8223.2925.9329.5330.9127.0221.4015.9110.80
前橋  9.069.9913.5419.2724.1926.8130.4731.7127.3121.7416.4011.46
熊谷  9.8110.7514.3019.9124.6127.0930.9232.3127.8822.1416.7912.00
銚子  10.1310.3312.8516.9520.4922.9926.5628.6025.9021.5517.3012.69
東京  10.0510.8814.0619.1623.4726.0530.0131.4727.6622.2417.1812.38
横浜  10.1610.8413.9518.9223.0725.5329.4031.0227.2822.0217.0712.49
新潟  5.776.3910.2416.0621.4824.8428.6030.5526.5820.7114.568.70
富山  6.347.3411.7617.6222.7425.7229.8131.4027.0421.5615.679.48
金沢  7.107.8111.6317.2922.3225.5829.5431.3227.2121.7615.9310.22
福井  6.757.7912.2318.2423.2826.4730.3932.1627.7222.0916.039.82
甲府  9.0610.8614.9820.7225.2927.8231.5733.0328.5822.4516.7011.37
長野  3.755.2610.2917.4423.1726.1429.7131.1526.1719.7313.396.85
岐阜  9.0610.2814.2319.9624.7427.8331.5533.4129.1823.5517.4511.56
静岡  11.7212.5715.4819.7923.4826.1429.8531.3328.3623.6118.8314.12
名古屋9.3010.5314.5320.1224.6427.5631.3733.2229.0923.3017.3011.68
津    9.4810.0313.3718.5823.0926.2230.3931.6027.9722.6417.1311.99
彦根  7.127.7111.5517.4322.5826.0330.2332.0527.6521.7715.629.93
京都  9.0610.0414.0720.0625.1328.0532.0333.7129.1923.3617.3111.59
大阪  9.6710.4914.1919.9324.9027.9631.8133.6729.5023.7317.8412.26
神戸  9.4010.0813.5818.9623.7126.7430.4732.3128.7423.2017.4711.98
奈良  9.0010.0114.0419.9424.6727.3631.2733.0128.5022.6016.8011.38
和歌山9.8310.6814.3319.7124.2827.0831.0732.6228.9523.3817.8812.47
鳥取  8.069.0413.0918.8823.8326.9330.8632.6027.8022.3916.7610.91
松江  8.309.3513.0718.5023.1926.2229.7631.5927.1221.9616.5210.91
岡山  9.3410.2813.9819.8124.9227.7831.7233.0228.6822.9817.0811.62
広島  9.9010.9114.4819.7724.4227.2230.9332.7629.1223.7317.6712.10
下関  9.7310.5113.6518.3822.7325.7929.7131.2627.8123.0217.5212.26
徳島  10.0010.7914.2819.5724.0226.7630.6432.2628.5123.1417.6812.50
高松  9.7110.5114.1219.8124.8227.5431.6732.9828.7623.1917.4512.12
松山  10.1511.0414.4319.6124.1927.0031.2132.5629.0723.7618.0812.60
高知  12.1613.1516.3120.9324.8227.0930.8432.1429.5024.9819.5514.36
福岡  10.2311.5415.0019.8824.3827.1931.1832.4628.5823.7218.1812.59
佐賀  10.1711.8215.3520.7225.6028.0031.5532.9629.3524.3218.2812.41
長崎  10.6612.0315.2719.8623.8826.4630.2631.8928.8524.1418.5313.10
熊本  10.7112.4116.0821.4026.0328.1231.8333.3430.1124.9518.7912.94
大分  10.7311.5314.6319.6724.1026.5430.9332.1728.2423.3318.1413.04
宮崎  13.1014.1617.0321.2624.8426.8731.3431.8228.8624.7119.8615.01
鹿児島13.0714.5217.5321.7725.4927.5431.8832.7530.2225.8720.5815.31
那覇  19.7620.1721.8924.2827.0029.8031.9431.7630.6528.1325.0221.52
宮古島20.6421.1322.7925.1427.7030.2731.7231.3430.1327.8025.3122.19
石垣島21.4921.9923.6725.9828.6530.8532.2132.0230.9928.7626.2122.97
南大東21.1321.2122.6124.6126.9429.6231.7431.6331.0028.8025.8122.60

表 30年間における気象台観測点の月別の日最低気温の平均値の一覧(単位:℃)

地点名1月2月3月4月5月6月7月8月9月10月11月12月
札幌  -6.41-6.21-2.383.378.9813.4517.8719.1314.798.031.63-3.98
函館  -5.98-5.66-2.162.827.9912.6217.3018.8514.647.821.81-3.57
旭川  -11.67-11.29-6.280.236.4711.8516.3816.9411.724.62-1.17-7.91
室蘭  -4.03-3.98-1.293.027.6211.9316.3918.6015.699.763.52-1.84
釧路  -9.99-9.66-4.280.665.209.4413.6315.6912.876.16-0.19-6.81
網走  -8.91-9.56-4.940.585.8210.1914.5816.6413.426.980.41-5.96
稚内  -6.43-6.72-3.121.796.3310.4214.8717.2414.428.351.25-4.22
青森  -3.47-3.34-0.834.079.4414.0718.5920.0515.799.153.39-1.42
盛岡  -5.19-4.84-1.813.199.1114.2218.7419.7615.177.901.82-2.52
仙台  -1.32-1.151.376.3211.6616.1120.1821.6218.0211.875.640.95
秋田  -2.14-2.090.375.1811.0615.9720.3721.5717.0910.394.510.01
山形  -3.07-3.06-0.354.6610.6615.6919.9820.9216.609.823.57-0.70
福島  -1.48-1.251.326.4512.0516.5620.7621.9417.9911.665.210.74
水戸  -1.85-1.172.066.9912.5216.9520.9822.2518.6512.495.900.48
宇都宮-2.19-1.342.087.3813.0517.4321.3922.4818.8312.625.730.19
前橋  -0.47-0.043.078.2213.6218.0222.0122.9619.2513.206.921.88
熊谷  -0.390.283.568.5813.9118.3322.2923.3419.6713.717.141.80
銚子  2.923.346.4510.7114.7617.9521.2123.3221.2916.7711.145.68
東京  2.513.025.9110.7915.6819.4123.3724.6021.2115.7510.115.02
横浜  2.663.075.9610.7415.5019.0822.9324.3021.0215.6510.145.24
新潟  0.420.202.517.3313.0117.8322.0723.4119.4313.147.182.65
富山  0.230.072.627.3412.9217.6922.0823.2319.1013.057.282.53
金沢  1.140.963.388.2413.5818.3922.8724.1219.8913.888.103.47
福井  0.480.322.797.8213.3818.2322.6823.7019.3613.077.302.71
甲府  -2.10-0.713.138.4113.6618.2922.3123.2719.4112.975.920.31
長野  -3.94-3.69-0.514.8610.8616.0520.4721.4717.2010.293.39-1.46
岐阜  0.721.154.249.4114.6219.2723.5424.6420.7614.478.133.00
静岡  2.112.856.0310.5615.1019.1723.1324.2421.0815.629.954.59
名古屋1.071.404.599.7414.8719.3623.5324.6921.0014.858.573.42
津    2.412.445.1610.2015.3819.7123.9824.9721.4115.549.534.63
彦根  0.991.053.518.1513.4518.4422.9524.1120.2014.027.983.22
京都  1.461.644.299.2214.4919.2223.6424.6820.6614.388.353.51
大阪  3.023.175.9910.9115.9820.2524.6125.7621.8716.0210.245.32
神戸  2.983.135.9311.0416.0820.2824.4625.8122.1816.4210.595.46
奈良  0.140.142.737.6812.9717.8722.2523.0419.1112.826.802.17
和歌山2.873.035.7910.6615.6320.0624.2625.1221.5015.599.895.13
鳥取  1.070.993.147.6212.8417.9122.5323.3018.9812.877.703.18
松江  1.461.293.608.2313.4818.2322.7523.8419.5613.418.003.55
岡山  1.211.574.429.5314.7819.5323.9124.9520.8414.448.333.32
広島  1.962.395.1510.0815.1219.7624.0925.1021.0914.858.933.99
下関  4.784.887.4011.6516.1820.1224.2325.6122.1816.9411.786.98
徳島  2.953.135.8210.6415.5519.8323.9324.9221.6115.9410.135.17
高松  2.142.194.969.9015.1219.8124.0825.0721.2215.109.074.26
松山  2.572.825.6010.2715.0119.4323.7824.6521.0415.159.544.77
高知  2.083.096.3510.9515.5319.7323.8424.4921.3615.629.704.24
福岡  3.904.437.1811.5416.1420.2824.5825.4321.6216.0310.635.81
佐賀  1.912.705.7310.2415.1719.9224.0924.6320.8314.758.923.74
長崎  3.974.527.4711.7216.1020.2324.4825.3421.9216.5010.995.97
熊本  1.602.575.8910.5815.6320.1724.1824.7721.1614.908.793.40
大分  2.563.055.8810.2614.9619.3223.5524.3220.8915.219.544.55
宮崎  3.104.267.4511.8616.3220.1824.2124.6221.5315.9010.194.92
鹿児島4.805.708.6612.8817.2821.2825.2825.9323.1417.8712.136.82
那覇  14.9115.1016.6919.1322.0825.2226.9926.8525.7723.4820.3916.76
宮古島16.3216.5417.8720.3823.0225.7326.7826.5525.6423.8121.2918.14
石垣島16.7117.1518.6421.2523.9126.5827.6927.2726.0223.8921.5418.37
南大東14.6414.8316.3918.8321.4724.8425.9525.8625.0223.0420.3916.57

表 30年間における気象台観測点の月別の1日の気温差の平均値の一覧(単位:℃)

地点名1月2月3月4月5月6月7月8月9月10月11月12月
札幌  6.066.606.908.368.928.317.557.318.068.377.085.93
函館  6.877.447.999.168.997.836.767.028.549.338.156.73
旭川  8.399.559.3310.7512.1910.949.869.4710.1510.157.467.00
室蘭  4.584.955.917.027.256.125.245.015.866.305.804.76
釧路  9.749.497.537.427.406.355.975.927.128.938.999.22
網走  6.757.557.218.538.747.476.826.697.298.037.206.63
稚内  4.034.674.765.576.105.675.235.025.695.745.014.23
青森  5.306.067.689.589.408.067.417.738.769.167.855.86
盛岡  7.227.989.2911.2311.219.848.348.679.1010.019.116.98
仙台  6.937.608.589.198.567.006.396.636.967.978.427.36
秋田  5.296.087.538.848.577.766.757.608.268.657.735.86
山形  6.367.479.4611.7711.9310.259.099.579.229.649.056.79
福島  7.258.349.8311.2211.099.358.338.608.228.819.297.84
水戸  11.0611.0110.9110.849.487.527.487.727.728.7210.3910.94
宇都宮10.7711.0611.2611.4410.258.498.138.438.208.7810.1810.60
前橋  9.5310.0310.4711.0510.578.798.468.758.068.549.489.58
熊谷  10.2010.4710.7511.3210.708.768.638.988.218.439.6510.20
銚子  7.226.996.406.245.735.045.345.284.614.786.167.01
東京  7.547.868.158.377.806.646.656.876.456.507.077.37
横浜  7.507.787.998.187.586.456.476.726.266.376.947.26
新潟  5.356.197.738.738.477.016.547.147.167.577.386.06
富山  6.127.279.1410.279.818.037.738.177.938.518.396.95
金沢  5.956.868.269.068.757.196.677.217.327.887.836.74
福井  6.277.479.4410.429.908.237.718.468.359.038.747.10
甲府  11.1611.5611.8512.3111.649.539.269.769.179.4810.7811.06
長野  7.698.9510.8012.5712.3010.089.249.688.979.4510.008.31
岐阜  8.339.139.9910.5510.128.568.028.778.429.079.328.56
静岡  9.619.729.459.238.386.976.717.097.287.998.889.54
名古屋8.239.139.9410.379.788.207.848.538.098.458.738.25
津    7.077.598.208.387.706.516.416.636.567.107.607.36
彦根  6.126.668.039.289.127.597.287.957.457.757.656.70
京都  7.608.409.7810.8410.648.838.399.038.538.988.968.08
大阪  6.647.338.209.028.937.717.207.917.637.717.606.94
神戸  6.426.947.647.927.636.466.016.506.566.786.886.52
奈良  8.869.8711.3112.2611.709.499.029.979.389.7910.009.21
和歌山6.967.648.549.058.657.036.817.507.457.797.997.34
鳥取  6.998.059.9511.2610.989.028.339.308.829.529.067.72
松江  6.848.069.4710.279.707.997.017.757.568.558.517.36
岡山  8.138.719.5610.2810.148.257.808.077.848.548.758.30
広島  7.948.529.339.699.307.476.847.668.038.888.758.12
下関  4.965.646.256.736.555.685.475.655.636.085.745.27
徳島  7.057.668.468.938.476.936.707.336.907.207.557.33
高松  7.578.329.169.919.707.737.597.917.548.108.387.86
松山  7.588.228.849.359.187.577.427.928.038.618.547.83
高知  10.0910.069.969.989.297.367.007.658.149.369.8510.12
福岡  6.327.117.828.348.246.916.607.036.957.697.546.79
佐賀  8.269.129.6310.4810.448.087.478.338.539.579.368.67
長崎  6.697.507.808.147.796.235.796.556.937.647.547.13
熊本  9.119.8410.1910.8310.407.957.658.578.9510.0510.009.54
大分  8.188.488.769.419.137.227.387.857.358.128.608.48
宮崎  10.009.919.589.408.526.697.137.207.328.819.6710.08
鹿児島8.278.828.878.898.206.266.606.817.087.998.458.50
那覇  4.855.075.215.154.924.584.944.914.884.654.634.76
宮古島4.314.594.914.764.684.554.944.794.493.994.024.05
石垣島4.784.845.034.734.734.274.524.744.964.884.674.60
南大東6.496.386.215.785.474.785.795.785.985.765.426.03

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